本文目录一览：
01
“壮族三月三”的“前世今生”
清朝汪森的《粤西丛载》卷十八中提到了广西“壮族三月三”的盛况：“宾州（即今宾阳、上林一带）罗奉岭，去城七里，春秋二社，士女毕集。男女未婚者，以歌诗相应和，自择配偶。各以所执扇帕相博，谓之博扇。归日，父母即与成礼。”
“壮族三月三”歌圩源远流长，早已深深扎根在广西各族人民的生活土壤之中。根据自治区民委相关人士介绍，由于壮族等先民在上古时期没有形成自己的民族文字，人们通过易于掌握和便于记忆的韵律结构和歌唱形式，并按照约定俗成的聚会惯例及活动仪规进行思想交流，传播民族文化知识。
歌圩发展到后来，不仅是青年男女唱歌传情、结缘的活动，还有抛绣球、抢花炮、演壮剧、舞龙舞狮、斗牛、斗彩蛋等文体活动。
1980年4月17日，都安瑶族自治县都阳公社的壮族群众，率先恢复了传统的“壮族三月三”(农历)歌圩活动，各地群众纷纷参与，盛况空前。以上三图为当时拍摄的照片。（图片来源：广西画报社）
1984年邕城·壮族三月三 ，“迎春牛”的表演博得群众的喝采。（图片来源：广西画报社）
土长号开道，歌手们步入歌台。（图片来源：广西画报社）
1984年邕城·壮族三月三，动听的歌声荡漾在南湖湖畔。（图片来源：广西画报社）
1984年武鸣宁武·壮族三月三，碰蛋是壮族青年在“壮族三月三”歌节上定婚的一种形式。（图片来源：广西画报社）
1986年武鸣·壮族三月三，歌节上，壮族男女青年在尽情对歌，寻找自己的心上人。梁静珍 翁守悦 摄。（图片来源：广西画报社）
织绣球，一针一线绣出心中甜美的爱情。（图片来源：广西画报社）
壮族青年男女歌手们在夜色中以饱满的，互相对歌。（图片来源：广西画报社）
广西是刘三姐的故乡，是举世闻名的歌海。每年“壮族三月三”各族歌手云集歌圩，百花齐放，百家争鸣，为繁荣民族艺术而尽情高歌。图为武鸣县歌圩上的一对壮族歌手。周祖添 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
吹唢呐唱八音，盛会上，来自邕宁县的农民八音队尽情吹奏助兴。林红 施显强 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
武鸣县宁武乡的壮族歌手在对歌。林红 1987年04月01日摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
漓江引来金凤凰，瑶族姑娘心花放。（图片来源：广西画报社）
上世纪80年代，改革开放初期，“壮族三月三”歌圩活动重新回归人们的视线，广西各地城镇居民逐步开展一些较为常见的“壮族三月三”山歌对唱活动。对歌台上，青年男女普遍穿着当时流行的“时装”赛歌。
1984年，广西开始筹备第一届“壮族三月三”歌节，当年4月3日，歌节在南宁市人民公园隆重举行，共有来自南宁、百色等地的482名歌手，以及5000多名各界群众参加了活动。当年，邮政部门甚至为此发行了纪念日戳卡，如今已成为集邮界珍品。此后，“壮族三月三”歌节陆续在桂林、柳州等市举办，最后固定落址南宁，并成为南宁国际民歌艺术节的前身。
对歌场下持卡式录音机“鹤立鸡群” 赵黄岗 摄。（图片来源：广西画报社）
南宁·壮族三月三 拉鼓。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
南宁水岸对歌。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
武鸣林中对歌。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
天峨山歌唱晚。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
南宁“壮族三月三”，背新娘。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
1992年桂林“壮族三月三”，龙州壮族表演对歌相亲。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
着西装唱山歌是特殊时代的印记。区用诚 摄（图片来源：广西画报社）
到了上世纪90年代，随着改革开放后地方经济的发展，麦克风、卡带收录机等电音设备开始进入城镇居民的生活，被运用到“壮族三月三”歌圩，彩色照相机也开始使用，这些科技产品的出现，记录着“壮族三月三”歌圩紧跟时代前进的步伐。
2014年，自治区政府作出决定：“壮族三月三”是我区少数民族习惯节日，从2014年开始，“壮族三月三”传统节日首次设为全区公众假日。据2014年统计，全区12个世居民族中有2700多万人每年采取不同方式欢度“壮族三月三”，占全区总人口的54%。
如今，自治区党委、政府高度重视、统筹部署“壮族三月三”传统节日各种活动的开展，广西各族人民共同参与，坚持创造性转化和创新性发展，“壮族三月三”已发展成为广西各民族文化交流的大舞台，成为各族人民共享共乐的精神家园。
（据2014年01月09日广西日报 、2014年03月31日南国早报、2017年04月05日广西日报）
02
广西“壮族三月三”传统民俗丰富多彩
“壮族三月三”不仅是广西壮族重要的传统节日，也是汉、瑶、苗、侗、仫佬、毛南等世居民族的传统节日。每逢这天，全区各地的群众都会共同欢度佳节，在这一天里，人们会相约一起看壮戏、抛绣球等，富有民族特色的美食和游戏，常让众人流连忘返。
03
习俗节目
壮族歌圩
（据2017年3月9日广西新闻网）
山歌是最具壮族特色的传统文化，古往今来深受百姓喜爱。壮家人通过山歌来记录历史、描绘生活、传情达意等，只要山歌声一响，壮家人就会三五成群，聚在一起，唱对应答，因而形成了十分独特的壮族“歌圩”。目前，“壮族三月三”歌圩入选国家非物质文化遗产名录，“壮族三月三”歌圩商标获得了国家工商局的正式授权；武鸣被文化部确定为中国壮乡文化研究保护基地，获得“中国歌圩文化之乡”“全国文化先进县”等荣誉。
竹竿舞
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
竹竿舞这一舞蹈盛行于多个民族，如壮族、京族、瑶族、佤族等，竹竿舞也叫跳竹竿，黎语意为“跳柴”，“跳柴”原是黎族一种古老的祭祀方式。随着时代的变迁，跳柴习俗已经在壮族人民中传播开来，并且发生演变。如今，祭祀色彩已逐渐消失，它已成为一种既是文化娱乐，又是体育健身的活动，每逢“壮族三月三”佳节，青年男女凭借跳竹竿活动，寻找“搭档”，架设“鹊桥”，建立情谊。
苗族斗马
（据2016年3月17日广西新闻网）
广西融水苗族自治县斗马历史悠久，文化底蕴浓郁，至今已有五百多年的历史。“人以马为乐，马为情而斗”。融水苗族自治县最初的斗马其实并非单纯的娱乐活动，而是作为一种婚姻裁决举行的。在苗寨里，如果几个后生都同时爱上了同一个姑娘，姑娘不知道选择谁作为自己的伴侣，这时候，苗王就会组织斗马比赛，看哪个后生养的马斗赢了，姑娘就嫁给谁。经过几百年的演变，原来那种对婚姻裁决作用的斗马活动，逐渐变成了今天群众性的节日娱乐比赛活动。现在，每年“壮族三月三”都少不了斗马活动。这种充满民族古朴风情的斗马活动，现在也成为了融水旅游的重点项目。
侗族斗牛
（据2016年4月12日南国今报）
斗牛是三江侗族自治县每年“壮族三月三”系列活动的保留节目，极具人气。在侗乡鸟巢斗牛场，来自全国各地的上千名游客，见证了重量级“牛王”的诞生。
抢花炮
（据2007年4月19日广西新闻网）
在“壮族三月三”众多活动中，有着“东方橄榄球”美称的抢花炮比赛掀起了歌圩高潮。抢花炮比赛，是侗族、壮族和仫佬族等少数民族一项具有浓郁民族特色的民间传统体育活动。抢得花炮者，象征人财兴旺、五谷丰登，体现了人们对美好生活的渴望。比赛一开始，参赛队员们就开始了激烈的争夺，随着比赛的深入，对抗竞争的激烈程度有增无减。进攻一方队员纷纷利用传递、掩护、假运动、奔跑等方法，力图攻进对方炮台区。而防守队员则使出拦截、阻挡、追赶、搂抱、抢截等招数，抢到花炮和阻止持花炮运动员前进。两队精彩竞争，赢得了围观群众阵阵掌声。
祭祀
（据2017年03月27日当代生活报）
靖西、德保、那坡等地的“壮族三月三”主要是以祭祀为主。广西民族大学文学院副教授陆晓芹称，在“三月三”当天，这几个地方的人会起个大早，带上祭祀用品去祭拜祖坟，到了中午，会选择在某一个祖坟前聚餐，“这种聚餐的方式是很融洽的，能够增加彼此之间的认同感和家族感。”陆晓芹说。在饮食方面，当地的糯米饭既有四色也有五色，一些村屯会有在每碗糯米饭上面放一个煎鸡蛋的习俗。
抛绣球
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
人们在茶余饭后，互相抛接绣球以娱乐身心，后来逐步演变成为壮族男女青年表达爱情的方式。每年“壮族三月三”抛球球活动颇为精彩，在歌圩中男女青年相邀聚集在地头、河畔，他们分成男女两方，拉开适当距离，互相引吭高歌，用歌声来表达问候和增进了解，对歌有问有答，姑娘们可将手中的绣球向意中人抛去，小伙子接住绣球后，将它欣赏一番后，又向姑娘抛回去。经过数次往返抛接，如果小伙子看上哪一位姑娘，就在绣球上系上自己的小礼物（例如银首饰或钱袋），抛回馈赠女方，馈赠愈重说明小伙子对姑娘情意愈深。姑娘接住小伙子的礼物时，若收下，就说明她接受了小伙子的追求。这时，两人或继续对歌表达情意，或相约到僻静处聚会。
演壮戏
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
壮戏，又称壮剧，是在壮族丰富多彩的民间文学、音乐、舞蹈和杂耍技艺的基础上形成的舞台表演艺术，已有数百年的历史，主要流行于左江、右江流域。按表演风格的不同大体可分为南路壮戏、北路壮戏和壮师戏（即壮族师公戏，又称壮师剧）三种类型。据介绍，演壮剧已经成为“壮族三月三”民众喜闻乐见的民俗活动，壮族人之所以迷恋于壮戏，是因为除了戏的内容吸引人外，祈求平安、丰收也是其中一个重要原因。
撞彩蛋
（据2017年3月27日当代生活报）
特别值得一提的是“撞彩蛋”，这是老少皆宜的趣味项目。在“壮族三月三”节庆期间，各家各户精选出鸡蛋，煮熟之后用各种颜料上色，其中大部分以红色为主，因为红色代表着红红火火的好兆头。小孩们会将彩蛋挂在身上，在外出游玩时，碰见相同挂彩蛋的伙伴，便可以玩起“撞彩蛋”的游戏，将两只鸡蛋对碰，没有裂痕的一方则为胜者，在民间，成功撞破彩蛋的人寓意着撞到好彩头。
板鞋比赛
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
板鞋比赛是一项壮族运动，起源于明代。相传明代倭寇侵扰我国沿海地带，广西百色地区的瓦氏夫人率兵赴沿海抗倭。瓦氏夫人为了让士兵步调一致，令3名士兵穿上一副长板鞋齐跑。长期如此训练，士兵的素质提高了，斗志高涨，所向披靡，打败了倭寇。后来南丹那地州壮族人民模仿瓦氏夫人练兵方法，开展3人板鞋竞技活动自娱自乐，挖掘了这项民间体育活动。板鞋比赛即是将同组队员的左脚和右脚分别固定在两条长木板上，然后在规定赛程内比赛前进的速度，最先到达终点的夺冠。
04
广西壮族美食
过节美食必不可少。广西人的“壮族三月三”，不仅有各式各样的民俗活动，特色美食也格外挑动人的味蕾。
五色糯米饭
（据2017年3月27日当代生活报）
在“壮族三月三”节庆开始前，家家户户都会选出优质的糯米，用不同草药的汁液浸泡糯米，使之染色后蒸熟，即为五色糯米饭。五色糯米饭除了象征着五谷丰登、幸福吉祥外，因为五种颜色代表着阴阳五行、东西南北中五个方位，用于祭祀祖先，可祈求一年家人平安、庄稼丰收。此外，每年的三四月份正是人体寒气最重的时候，而五色糯米饭有驱寒避邪的功效，不管大人还是小孩，适当进食一些五色糯米饭，有利于驱赶身体内的寒意。
艾叶糍粑
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
清明前后，是艾草生长茂盛且最为鲜嫩的时节，由于农历“三月三”与清明节靠近，艾叶糍粑也成了“壮族三月三”必吃的美食。
竹筒饭
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
竹筒饭是把大米和水放到竹子的节中，密封后烤熟。做出来的米饭香气飘逸，柔韧爽口，更能保持竹子的香味。
05
手工艺品
壮锦
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
壮锦是壮族妇女精美的独创的手工艺品。它用素色棉纱为经，五彩丝线为纬交织而成的。主要产地是广西忻城、宾阳、靖西等县。壮锦曾与历史上又名的宋锦、蜀锦和云锦一起，并称中国的四大名锦。
绣球
（据2016年4月8日当代生活报）
绣球是广西壮家人之定情物和吉祥物。绣球大多为12瓣，以红、黄、绿三色做底色，每瓣绣上各式吉祥物，如梅、兰、菊、竹等花卉图案或春燕、龙、凤等。广西最早有文献记载的绣球内包有豆粟、棉花籽或谷物等农作物种子，这除了使绣球有一定的重量便于抛掷外，更深层的意义是——绣球为“吉祥之物”。“壮族三月三”歌节正是春播时节，抛绣球也寓意着 “五谷丰登”；同时，绣球作为青年男女的定情之物，也蕴含“生育兴旺”之意。
来源：桂风起
桂林市旅游发展委员会
综合整理：广西壮族自治区文化和旅游厅
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广西三月三是什么节日？三月三习俗风俗、来历介绍
农历三月三是中国多个民族的传统节日，其中以壮族为典型，在古代壮族青年男女聚集街头欢歌、汇聚江边饮宴。在壮族传说中，三月三是壮族始祖布洛陀诞辰日。汉族为上巳节，有三月三拜祖先、三月三拜轩辕说法。
农历三月三，不仅仅是单纯的壮族传统踏青歌节，也是壮族祭祖、祭拜盘古、布洛陀始祖的重要日子。 也是广西壮族、汉族、瑶族、侗族、苗族等民族传统节日。歌节不仅是弘扬民族文化的盛会，亦是民族经济交流的盛会。据记载，歌节已有上千年历史。壮族山歌的发展尤为突出，歌会十分盛行，在古代男女青年聚集街头或江边饮宴欢歌。到了清代，形成了数百人以致数千人聚唱的大规模“歌圩。
农历三月初三，又称“上巳(sì)节”。春秋时期就已在流行。
《论语》有云：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”大约写的就是当时的情形。
古时以三月第一个巳日为“上巳”。巳日多逢三月初三，魏晋以后，上巳节定为三月三，后代沿袭。“上巳”在汉代定为节日。
《后汉书·礼仪志上》记载：“是月上巳，官民皆絜（jié，洁）于东流水上，曰洗濯祓除，去宿垢疢（chèn，病），为大絜”。
祓除也叫祓禊，即去水边沐浴。“上巳节”正处于季节交换，阴气还没有完全褪去，人容易患病，去水边沐浴可以祛除病痛和灾祸，并祈求福祉降临。
魏晋时代，“上巳节”除了要祓禊之外，还演变为皇室贵族、公卿大臣、文人雅士们临水宴饮的日子，这成为“上巳节”另一项重要习俗“曲水流觞”。
“曲水流觞”更像是一种游戏，玩法是大家坐于环曲的水边，把盛着酒的觞放在流水之上，任酒杯顺流漂下，停在谁面前，谁就要将杯中酒一饮而下，并赋诗一首，不然就罚酒三杯。
历史上最著名的一次“曲水流觞”活动是王羲之与其友在会稽举行兰亭之会，大家饮酒赋诗，论文赏景。王羲之挥毫作序，乘兴而书，成就了书文俱佳、举世闻名、被后人赞誉为“天下第一行书”的《兰亭集序》。
唐以后，“上巳节”的习俗逐渐淡出。
如今的三月三
时至今日，三月初三在中国西南地区的一些少数民族地区，仍是一个隆重而盛大的节日。但在中国大部分地区，这个节日已经很少有人知道了。
比如在广西，当地过三月三的氛围就很浓重。这一天是壮族的情人节，从这一意义衍生出来的更多节日内容，使其成为壮族人一年中最盛大的节日。不光壮族，贵州侗族、海南黎族、湘西苗族，都以三月三作为自己的情人节。
2014年“壮族三月三”申遗成功，每年农历三月初三，广西全区人民享有两天假期。
各族人民三月三这样玩
壮 族
壮族过三月三大多是赶歌圩，搭歌棚，举办歌会。青年男女们对歌、碰蛋、抛绣球，谈情说爱。相传为纪念壮族歌仙刘三姐而形成的节日，故又称“歌仙节”。壮族通常在三月三蒸五色糯米饭。另外，艾糍粑、粉蒸肉、黑糯米酒是广西“三月三”的特色食品。
黎 族
黎族人称三月三为谈爱日，与海南苗族节日相同。每年农历三月三，各地的黎族青年男女汇集一起，参加“三月三”盛会，载歌载舞、谈情说爱。
畲(shē)族
每年的“三月三”，畲族群众云集宗祠，自晨至暮，对歌盘歌，怀念始祖，并采撷乌稔树叶，取其嫩叶汁浸糯米炊制乌饭，款待宾客，以驱邪祈福。
春暖壮乡歌如海，八方宾客踏歌来。
Spring is warm, and folk songs are like the sea, and guests from all over the world come to sing.
农历三月初三，俗称“三月三”，是壮族人民举行歌圩的日子，现已成为广西各民族大聚会、大联欢、大团结、大发展的盛会，成为广西重要的民族特色文化品牌。2014年11月11日，壮族“三月三”经国务院批准，被列入第四批国家级非物质文化遗产扩展项目名录。
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, commonly known as "March 3rd", is the day when the Zhuang people hold Folk Song Fairs. Now it has become a grand gathering, a grand gala, great unity and great development of all ethnic groups in Guangxi, and an important cultural brand with ethnic characteristics in Guangxi. On November 11, 2014, the "March 3rd" of the Zhuang nationality was approved by the State Council and included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage expansion projects list.
广西壮族“三月三”的由来，你知多少？
How much do you know about the origin of "March 3rd" of the Zhuang people in Guangxi?
关于三月三的经典传说The Classic Legend about “March 3rd”追念伏羲氏
In Memory of Fuxi
三月三可追溯到到纪念伏羲氏。伏羲和其妹女娲抟土造人，繁衍后代，豫东一带尊称伏羲为“人祖爷”，在淮阳(伏羲建都地)建起太昊陵古庙，农历二月二到三月三为太昊陵庙会，善男信女，南船北马，都云集陵区，朝拜人祖。
March 3rd can be traced back to commemorate Fuxi. Fuxi and his younger sister Nvwa kneaded clay to create humans and multiplied their offspring. In the eastern part of Henan Province, Fuxi was honored as "Human Ancestor Master", and the ancient temple of Taihao Mausoleum was built in Huaiyang (the place where Fuxi founded his capital). From February 2nd to March 3rd of the lunar calendar is the Temple Fair of Taihao Mausoleum. The devout men and women, boats from south and horses from north, all gather in the mausoleum area to pay homage to the ancestors.
王母蟠桃会
Queen Mother of the West’s Peach Fair
农历三月三，还是传说中王母娘娘开蟠桃会的日子。传说西王母原是我国西部一个原始部落的保护神。她有两个法宝：一是吃了可以长生不老的仙丹，二是吃了能延年益寿的仙桃——蟠桃。神话传说中的嫦娥，就是偷吃了丈夫后羿弄来的西王母仙丹后飞上月宫的。此后，在一些志怪小说中，又把西王母说成是福寿之神。
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar is also the day when the Queen Mother of the West holds a Peach Festival. Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West was originally the patron saint of a primitive tribe in western China. She has two magic weapons: one is to eat the elixir that can lead to immortality, and the other is to eat the peach that can prolong life - the flat peach. In myths and legends, Chang'e stole the elixir of the Queen Mother of the West obtained by her husband Houyi, and flew up to the Moon Palace after secretly ate it. Since then, in some supernatural novels, the Queen Mother of the West is portrayed as the God of Good Fortune and Longevity.
真武帝寿诞
Birthday of Emperor Zhenwu
农历三月三日，也是道教真武大帝的寿诞。真武大帝全称“北镇天真武玄天大帝”，又称玄天上帝，玄武，真武真君。他生于上古轩辕之世，华历三月三日，是道教中主管军事与战争的正神。各地的道教宫观（如：湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山）在三月三日这一天都要举行盛大的，道教信徒们也会在这一天到宫观庙宇中烧香祈福，或在家里颂经祈祷。
The third day of the third lunar month is also the birthday of the Taoist Emperor Zhenwu. The full name of Emperor Zhenwu is "North Town Tianzhen Wu Xuantian the Great", also known as Xuantian God, Xuanwu, and Zhenwu Zhenjun. He was born in the age of Xuanyuan in ancient times, on the third day of the third month in the Chinese calendar, and he is the righteous god in charge of military and war in Taoism. Taoist temples in various places (such as Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi Province, Qiyun Mountain in Anhui Province and Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan Province) will hold grand ritual on March 3rd, and Taoist believers will also go to the temples on this day to burn incense for good luck, or chant scriptures and pray for blessings at home.
古时上巳节
Ancient Shangsì Festival
“上巳(sì)”最早出现在汉初的文献。《周礼》郑玄注：“岁时祓除，如今三月上巳如水上之类”。据记载，春秋时期上巳节已在流行。上巳节是古代举行“祓除畔浴”活动中最重要的节日。
"Shangsì" first appeared in the literature of the early Han Dynasty. According to Zheng Xuan's annotation in the Rites of Zhou: "In warm spring, the scenery is clear and sunny, people come out of their homes and gather by the water's edge to hold ritual ceremonies, and bathe in the water to eliminate evil spirits.” According to records, the Shangsì Festival was already popular during the Spring and Autumn Period. The Shangsì Festival is the most important festival when “Bathing in Water to Eliminate Evil Spirits” activities was held in ancient times.
《论语》：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”就是写的当时的情形。宋代以后，理学盛行，礼教渐趋森严，上巳节风俗在中国文化中渐渐衰微。
"The Analects of Confucius" states: " In late spring, put on spring clothes, invite five or six adults, with six or seven boys, bathing in Yi River, relaxing ourselves on the high slopes, dancing in the wind, and singing all the way back home." This is the situation at that time. After the Song Dynasty, Neo Confucianism prevailed and feudal code of ethics became stricter. The customs of Shangsì Festival gradually declined in Chinese culture.
另外，三月三上巳节与九月九重阳节相对应，正如汉刘歆《西京杂记》称：“三月上巳，九月重阳，使女游戏，就此祓禊登高。”一个在暮春，一个在暮秋，踏青和辞青也随之进入高潮。
In addition, the Shangsì Festival on March 3rd corresponds to the Double Ninth Festival on September 9th, just as Liu Xin of the Han Dynasty said in "Miscellany of the Western Capital": "Shangsì Festival in March, Double Ninth Festival in September, maids play games, and ascend a height to get rid of bad luck." One is in late spring, the other is in late autumn, and the spring outing and mountaineering drinking also reached a climax.
大诗人杜甫在《丽人行》中，以细致的笔触描写了古时上巳节的盛景。它的一个重要主题是“祈子”，也是祓禊的日子，“严格来说，并不一定要沐浴，一般老百姓们会到河边或者溪边洗脸、洗手，与水有个接触，以示洗去污秽，有祈福的含义”。
The great poet Du Fu described the magnificent scene of the Shangsì Festival in ancient times with delicate brushwork in "A Walk of Beauty". One of its important themes is "praying for having babies", which is also the day of Eliminating Evil. "Strictly speaking, it is not necessary to take a bath. Generally, people will go to the river or stream to wash their faces and hands, contact with the water to show that they have washed away the filth and bad luck, and prayed for blessings.
歌仙刘三姐
Singer Genius Liu Sanjie (Immortal Singer Liu Sanjie)
刘三姐从小爱唱山歌，成年以后长得宛如出水芙蓉一般，容貌绝伦。她的山歌遐尔闻名，故远近歌手经常聚集其村，争相与她对歌、学歌。
Liu Sanjie loved singing folk songs since childhood, and as she grew up, she looked like a lotus flower just emerging from the water, with an unparalleled appearance. Her folk songs are so famous that singers from far and near often gather in her village to compete with her and learn from her.
刘三姐常用山歌唱出穷人的心声和不平，故而触犯了土豪劣绅的利益。附近有个财主莫怀仁贪其美貌，欲占为妾，遭到她的拒绝和奚落，便怀恨在心。莫怀仁企图禁歌，又被刘三姐用山歌驳得理屈词穷，又请来三个秀才与刘三姐对歌，又被刘三姐等弄得丑态百出，大败而归。莫怀仁恼羞成怒，不惜耗费家财去勾结官府，咬牙切齿把刘三姐置于死地而后快。
Liu Sanjie often used folk songs to sang out the aspirations and grievances of the poor, thus offending the interests of local tyrants and evil gentry. There was a rich man nearby, Mo Huairen, who was greedy for Liu Sanjie’s beauty and wanted to take her as a concubine, but was rejected and ridiculed by her, so he held a grudge. Mo Huairen attempted to ban singing, but was refuted by Liu Sanjie with folk songs. He had a weak case and could not defend himself. So he invited three scholars to duel with Liu Sanjie, but was also made to show up as utterly ridiculous by Liu Sanjie and others, and returned home in a big defeat. Mo Huairen became furious with the embarrassment and did not hesitate to spend his family property to collude with the government. He gritted his teeth and determining to put Liu Sanjie to death.
为免遭毒手，三姐偕同哥哥在众乡亲的帮助下，趁天黑乘竹筏，顺流沿天河直下龙江后入柳江，辗转来到柳州，幸被搭救，生活在鱼峰山下。乡亲们闻讯，纷纷赶来学歌。
In order to avoid persecution, Liu Sanjie and her elder brother, with the help of all the villagers, took advantage of the darkness to ride a bamboo raft along the Tianhe River and straight down the Longjiang River, then entered the Liujiang River. After an arduous and dangerous journey, they finally came to Liuzhou. Fortunately, they were rescued and lived at the foot of Yufeng Mountain. Upon hearing the news, the villagers rushed to learn songs from Liu Sanjie.
后来，刘三姐与一青年猎人阿牛哥结为夫妇，就一直在这里传歌。莫怀仁得知后，又勾结官府，把刘三姐抛入鱼峰山下小龙潭。半夜，月明星稀，当乡亲们把她打捞上来时，忽然一阵清风，只见刘三姐骑在一条鱼背上，一边唱歌一边腾空而去。自此，人们都说刘三姐成仙去了，便把刘三姐称为歌仙。
Later on, Liu Sanjie married a young hunter named A Niuge and continue to spread songs here. After Mo Huairen learned about it, he colluded with the government and threw Liu Sanjie into Small Dragon Pool at the foot of Yufeng Mountain. In the middle of the night, the moon was bright and stars were few, the villagers finally found Liu Sanjie adn salvaged her out of the water, a sudden breeze blew, and Liu Sanjie was seen riding on the back of a fish, singing and flying away. Since then, people have said that Liu Sanjie has gone to become an immortal fairy, so they call her an Immortal Singer.
后世的人为了纪念这位歌仙，便在每年农历三月初三刘三姐“成仙”的日子，唱山歌三天三夜，歌圩就此形成。
In order to commemorate the Immortal Singer, the later generations would sing folk songs for three days and three nights on the third day of the third lunar month every year on the day when Liu Sanjie "became an immortal fairy", thus the Folk Song Fair was formed.
关于三月三的饮食习俗Diet Customs on March 3rd五色糯米饭
Five-color Glutinous Rice
每到“三月三”的前几天，家家户户都会制作五色糯米饭。人们采来红兰草、黄饭花、枫叶、紫蕃藤、栀子，用这些植物的汁来浸泡糯米，做成红、黄、黑、紫、白五色糯米饭。
Every few days before "March 3rd", every household will make five-color glutinous rice. People collect red orchids, yellow rice flowers, maple leaves, purple vines, and gardenias, and soak the juice of these plants in glutinous rice to make red, yellow, black, purple and white five-color glutinous rice.
相传，这种食品是深得仙女们的赞赏后流传下来的；也有人说这是为了祭祀歌仙刘三姐，吃了五色糯米饭能够人丁兴旺、身体健壮。
According to legend, this kind of food was handed down after being highly praised by the fairies; It is also said that this is to worship the Immortal Singer Liu Sanjie, and eating five-color glutinous rice can help people have a flourishing population and maintain good health.
艾叶粑
Moxa Leaf Glutinous Rice Cake
每逢“三月三”，大家在购买五色糯米饭时，会发现艾叶粑也很受欢迎。艾叶粑又称蒿子粑粑，是一道传统的汉族小吃，一般在清明节、寒食节食用。由于农历三月三与清明节靠近，艾叶糍粑也成了“三月三”必吃的美食。
Every "March 3rd", when purchasing five-color glutinous rice, you will find that moxa leaf glutinous rice cake is also very popular. Moxa Leaf Glutinous Rice Cake, also known as Artemisia Argyi Glutinous Rice Cake, is a traditional snack of the Han nationality, commonly eaten during the Qingming Festival and the Cold Food Festival. Due to the March 3rd of the lunar calendar is close to the Qingming Festival, moxa leaf glutinous rice cake has become a must-eat delicacy on March 3rd of the lunar calendar as well.
荠菜煮鸡蛋
Boiled Eggs with Shepherd's Purse
民谚曰：“三月三，荠菜当灵丹。”“三月三，荠菜煮鸡蛋。”春天正是采食荠菜的季节。春食荠菜也是我国民间由来已久的传统习俗。汉族在这日有吃地（荠）菜煮鸡蛋的习俗。
The folk proverb says: "On March 3rd, shepherd's purse is a panacea." "On March 3rd, shepherd's purse boils eggs." Spring is the season for picking and eating shepherd's purse. Eating shepherd's purse in spring is also a long-standing traditional folk custom among Chinese people. On this day, the Han nationality have the custom of eating boiled eggs with shepherd's purse.
因荠菜的谐音是“聚财”，故此，老百姓又根据民间传说，于三月初三这一天，在祭祖的时候，借助祖先的神灵和财气，人们会将新鲜荠菜洗净后捆扎成一小束，放入鸡蛋、红枣、风球，再配两三片生姜，煮上一大锅，全家都吃上一碗，食之既可交发财运，又可防治头痛头昏病，久而久之便形成一种民间特有的食疗习俗。据说可以去风湿、清火，腰腿不痛，而且还可预防春瘟。
Because the homophonic words of shepherd's purse is "gathering wealth", according to folklore, on the third day of the third lunar month, in the worship of ancestors, with the gods and wealth of their ancestors, people will wash fresh shepherd's purse and tie it into a small bunch, then put eggs, red dates, maple balls, and two or three slices of ginger, boil them in a large pot. The whole family eating a bowl of this delicacy can not only bring wealth, but also prevent headaches and dizziness. Over time, a unique folk dietary therapy custom has formed. It is said that it can relieve rheumatism, clear internal heat, and prevent pain in the waist and legs, as well as prevent spring plague.
关于三月三的风俗Customs of “March 3rd”歌圩迎宾客，千人竹竿舞。“三月三”是壮族最重大的民族节日。每到“三月三”，壮族男女会像赶圩一样会聚山坡上对唱山歌，开展抢花炮、打铜鼓、抛绣球等一系列具有民族特色的文体活动。抢“花炮” 展民族魅力， “行歌坐妹”写浪漫。
A Folk Song Fair is held to welcome the guests, and thousands of people dance with bamboo poles. "March 3rd" is the most important ethnic festival of the Zhuang nationality. On "March 3rd", men and women of the Zhuang nationality will gather on the hillside to sing folk songs, and carry out a series of cultural and sports activities with ethnic characteristics, such as grabbing firecrackers, beating bronze drums, and throwing embroidered balls. Grabbing firecrackers showcases the ethnic charm, singing and conveying love expresses romance.
对歌传情
Singing Folk Songs and Expressing Love
据记载，壮族“三月三”歌圩节已有上千年历史。宋人著的《太平寰宇记》中，已有壮族“男女盛服……聚会作歌”的记载。宋元以后，壮族山歌的发展较快，歌会十分盛行。到了清代，形成了数百人以至数千人聚唱的大规模“歌圩”。
According to records, the Zhuang people’s "March 3rd" Song Fair Festival has a history of thousands of years. In the "Records of the Taiping Universe" written by the Song Dynasty people, there is already a record of the Zhuang ethnic group’s "men and women dressed in their best ethnic costumes...gathering to sing folk songs". After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, folk songs of the Zhuang nationality developed rapidly and the Folk Song Fairs became very popular. In the Qing Dynasty, a large-scale "Folk Song Fair" was formed where hundreds or even thousands of people gathered to sing.
“三月三”期间，壮族青年男女都穿上节日的盛装，云集在山头旷野或竹林草坡上，用竹子和布匹搭成歌棚，即兴对唱、相互盘答，歌声此起彼伏，一般每次持续两三天。
During the "March 3rd" period, young men and women of the Zhuang ethnic group dress up in their festive costumes and gather in the mountain wilderness or on the grassy slopes of the bamboo forests. They build a singing booth with bamboo and cloth, improvise antiphonal singing, answer each other's questions. The singing goes on and on, usually lasting for two to three days at a time.
抢花炮
Grabbing Firecrackers
在农历三月初三和秋收之后，广西一些少数民族地区会自发组织抢花炮运动。男女老少都会穿上节日盛装，天刚亮就争先恐后地奔向活动场所，抢得花炮的人被认为来年最有福气，也最受姑娘青睐。
After the "March 3rd" and the autumn harvest, some ethnic minority areas in Guangxi Province will spontaneously organize a firecrackers grabbing competition. Men, women and children will all wear festive costumes and rush to the activity venue at dawn. Those who grab the firecrackers are considered the most blessed in the coming year and the most favored by girls.
抢花炮流行在壮族、侗族、仫佬族等少数民族地区中，既是一项公平竞技的体育活动，也是群众喜闻乐见的民俗活动，寄托了村民祈求幸福安康的朴素心愿，其热闹程度更胜春节。
Firecrackers grabbing is popular in ethnic minority areas such as the Zhuang, Dong and Mulao ethnic groups. It is not only a fair and competitive sports activity, but also a popular folk activity among the masses, expressing the wish of villagers to pray for happiness and health. Its liveliness is even greater than the Spring Festival.
打铜鼓
Beating Bronze Drums
铜鼓是壮族等南方少数民族非常重要的乐器，“三月三”歌圩中自然也少不了铜鼓的登场。在壮族等南方少数民族的传统文化中，铜鼓不仅仅是一种乐器，而且是权力和身份的象征，有“得鼓二三，便可称王”的说法。此外，铜鼓也曾作为传递战争信号、陪葬和祭祖驱邪的器物使用。
The bronze drum is a very important musical instrument of the Zhuang and other southern ethnic minorities, and the appearance of the bronze drum is naturally indispensable in the "March 3rd" Folk Song Fair. In the traditional culture of the Zhuang and other southern ethnic minorities, the bronze drum is not only a musical instrument, but also a symbol of power and status. There is a saying that "if you have two or three drums, you can be king". In addition, bronze drums have also been used as signals of conveying war, funeral objects, and implements offering sacrifices to ancestors to ward off evil spirits..
绣球传情
Throwing Embroidered Balls
歌圩的绣球是姑娘在节前赶制的工艺品，制作工艺都很精巧，个个都是丝织工艺品：十二花瓣联结成一个圆球形，每一片花瓣代表着一年中的某个月份，上面绣有当月的花卉。有些绣球做成方形、多角形等。绣球内装豆粟或棉籽。球上连着一条绸带，下坠丝穗和装饰的珠子，象征着纯洁的爱情。
The embroidered balls at the Folk Song Fair are handicrafts made by the girls before the festival. The craftsmanship is very exquisite, and all of them are silk woven handicrafts: twelve petals are connected into a around ball shape, and each petal represents a certain month of the year, embroidered with the flowers of that month. Some embroidered balls are made into squares, polygons, etc. Embroidered balls are filled with bean millet or cottonseeds. The ball is attached to a silk ribbon, with silk tassels and decorative beads hanging from it, symbolizing pure love.
碰彩蛋
Crashing Colored Eggs
彩蛋是把熟鸡蛋染成彩色，在歌圩中男女青年用来传情之物。
Colored eggs are boiled eggs dyed in colors and used by young men and women to convey love at Folk Song Fairs.
壮族小伙在歌圩中手握彩蛋去碰姑娘手中的彩蛋，如果姑娘对小伙无意，就把蛋握住不让碰；若有意就让小伙子碰。蛋碰裂后，两人共吃彩蛋，这就播下了爱情的种子。
At the Folk Song Fair, Zhuang young men hold colored eggs in their hands to touch the eggs in the girl’s hand. If the girl has no intentions of the boy, she will hold the egg and not let the young man touch it; if she wants that boy, she will let him touch it. After the eggs are cracked, the two of them eat the colored eggs together, which sows the seeds of love.
打扁担
Shoulder Pole Beating
打扁担是壮族人民一项传统娱乐活动，女子的动作轻巧优美，男子的动作刚劲有力，寄托着壮族人民祈望丰收的愿望。
Shoulder pole beating is a traditional recreational activity of the Zhuang people. Women's movements are light and graceful, while men's movements are vigorous and powerful, which express the Zhuang people's desire for a bumper harvest.
杀猪祭神
Sacrifice Pigs to Worship Gods
于节日杀猪祭社神、山神，吃黄糯米饭，各寨三四天内不相往来。瑶族以三三为“千巴节”，是集体渔猎的节日，并将捕获的野物鱼类按户分配，共享收获的欢乐，后云集于广场，唱歌跳舞,欢度佳节。
During the festival, pigs are slaughtered to sacrifice to the land gods and mountain gods, and people eat yellow glutinous rice. The villages do not communicate with each other for three or four days. The Yao ethnic group regards the "March 3rd" as the "Qianba Festival", which is a festival for collective fishing and hunting, and distributes the captured wild animals and fish according to households to share the joy of harvest. Afterwards, they gather in the square, sing and dance to celebrate the festival.
壮族世居祖国岭南，历史悠久，文化丰厚。除了歌圩文化外，勤劳智慧、质朴坚韧、忠诚勇敢、重礼尚德、开放包容的壮族人，创造了以稻作文化为基础的花山文化、铜鼓文化、大石铲文化、纺织文化、干栏文化等许多闪烁着人类智慧之光的文化成就，不仅推进了中华民族的融合发展，也为世界文化作出了重要的贡献。
The Zhuang ethnic group reside in the south of the Five Ridges of China for generations, with a long history and rich culture. In addition to the Folk Song Fair Culture, the Zhuang people, who are industrious and intelligent, and tenacious, loyal and brave, valuing etiquette and honoring morality, open and inclusive, have created many cultural achievements based on rice farming culture, like Huashan culture, bronze drum culture, big stone shovel culture, textile culture and Ganlan culture, and many other cultural achievements that shine with the light of human wisdom. It has not only promoted the integration and development of the Chinese nation, but also made important contributions to world culture.
[闽南网]
广西三月三是什么节日？三月三习俗风俗、来历介绍
农历三月三是中国多个民族的传统节日，其中以壮族为典型，在古代壮族青年男女聚集街头欢歌、汇聚江边饮宴。在壮族传说中，三月三是壮族始祖布洛陀诞辰日。汉族为上巳节，有三月三拜祖先、三月三拜轩辕说法。
农历三月三，不仅仅是单纯的壮族传统踏青歌节，也是壮族祭祖、祭拜盘古、布洛陀始祖的重要日子。 也是广西壮族、汉族、瑶族、侗族、苗族等民族传统节日。歌节不仅是弘扬民族文化的盛会，亦是民族经济交流的盛会。据记载，歌节已有上千年历史。壮族山歌的发展尤为突出，歌会十分盛行，在古代男女青年聚集街头或江边饮宴欢歌。到了清代，形成了数百人以致数千人聚唱的大规模“歌圩。
农历三月初三，又称“上巳(sì)节”。春秋时期就已在流行。
《论语》有云：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”大约写的就是当时的情形。
古时以三月第一个巳日为“上巳”。巳日多逢三月初三，魏晋以后，上巳节定为三月三，后代沿袭。“上巳”在汉代定为节日。
《后汉书·礼仪志上》记载：“是月上巳，官民皆絜（jié，洁）于东流水上，曰洗濯祓除，去宿垢疢（chèn，病），为大絜”。
祓除也叫祓禊，即去水边沐浴。“上巳节”正处于季节交换，阴气还没有完全褪去，人容易患病，去水边沐浴可以祛除病痛和灾祸，并祈求福祉降临。
魏晋时代，“上巳节”除了要祓禊之外，还演变为皇室贵族、公卿大臣、文人雅士们临水宴饮的日子，这成为“上巳节”另一项重要习俗“曲水流觞”。
“曲水流觞”更像是一种游戏，玩法是大家坐于环曲的水边，把盛着酒的觞放在流水之上，任酒杯顺流漂下，停在谁面前，谁就要将杯中酒一饮而下，并赋诗一首，不然就罚酒三杯。
历史上最著名的一次“曲水流觞”活动是王羲之与其友在会稽举行兰亭之会，大家饮酒赋诗，论文赏景。王羲之挥毫作序，乘兴而书，成就了书文俱佳、举世闻名、被后人赞誉为“天下第一行书”的《兰亭集序》。
唐以后，“上巳节”的习俗逐渐淡出。
如今的三月三
时至今日，三月初三在中国西南地区的一些少数民族地区，仍是一个隆重而盛大的节日。但在中国大部分地区，这个节日已经很少有人知道了。
比如在广西，当地过三月三的氛围就很浓重。这一天是壮族的情人节，从这一意义衍生出来的更多节日内容，使其成为壮族人一年中最盛大的节日。不光壮族，贵州侗族、海南黎族、湘西苗族，都以三月三作为自己的情人节。
2014年“壮族三月三”申遗成功，每年农历三月初三，广西全区人民享有两天假期。
各族人民三月三这样玩
壮 族
壮族过三月三大多是赶歌圩，搭歌棚，举办歌会。青年男女们对歌、碰蛋、抛绣球，谈情说爱。相传为纪念壮族歌仙刘三姐而形成的节日，故又称“歌仙节”。壮族通常在三月三蒸五色糯米饭。另外，艾糍粑、粉蒸肉、黑糯米酒是广西“三月三”的特色食品。
黎 族
黎族人称三月三为谈爱日，与海南苗族节日相同。每年农历三月三，各地的黎族青年男女汇集一起，参加“三月三”盛会，载歌载舞、谈情说爱。
畲(shē)族
每年的“三月三”，畲族群众云集宗祠，自晨至暮，对歌盘歌，怀念始祖，并采撷乌稔树叶，取其嫩叶汁浸糯米炊制乌饭，款待宾客，以驱邪祈福。
春暖壮乡歌如海，八方宾客踏歌来。
Spring is warm, and folk songs are like the sea, and guests from all over the world come to sing.
农历三月初三，俗称“三月三”，是壮族人民举行歌圩的日子，现已成为广西各民族大聚会、大联欢、大团结、大发展的盛会，成为广西重要的民族特色文化品牌。2014年11月11日，壮族“三月三”经国务院批准，被列入第四批国家级非物质文化遗产扩展项目名录。
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, commonly known as "March 3rd", is the day when the Zhuang people hold Folk Song Fairs. Now it has become a grand gathering, a grand gala, great unity and great development of all ethnic groups in Guangxi, and an important cultural brand with ethnic characteristics in Guangxi. On November 11, 2014, the "March 3rd" of the Zhuang nationality was approved by the State Council and included in the fourth batch of national intangible cultural heritage expansion projects list.
广西壮族“三月三”的由来，你知多少？
How much do you know about the origin of "March 3rd" of the Zhuang people in Guangxi?
关于三月三的经典传说The Classic Legend about “March 3rd”追念伏羲氏
In Memory of Fuxi
三月三可追溯到到纪念伏羲氏。伏羲和其妹女娲抟土造人，繁衍后代，豫东一带尊称伏羲为“人祖爷”，在淮阳(伏羲建都地)建起太昊陵古庙，农历二月二到三月三为太昊陵庙会，善男信女，南船北马，都云集陵区，朝拜人祖。
March 3rd can be traced back to commemorate Fuxi. Fuxi and his younger sister Nvwa kneaded clay to create humans and multiplied their offspring. In the eastern part of Henan Province, Fuxi was honored as "Human Ancestor Master", and the ancient temple of Taihao Mausoleum was built in Huaiyang (the place where Fuxi founded his capital). From February 2nd to March 3rd of the lunar calendar is the Temple Fair of Taihao Mausoleum. The devout men and women, boats from south and horses from north, all gather in the mausoleum area to pay homage to the ancestors.
王母蟠桃会
Queen Mother of the West’s Peach Fair
农历三月三，还是传说中王母娘娘开蟠桃会的日子。传说西王母原是我国西部一个原始部落的保护神。她有两个法宝：一是吃了可以长生不老的仙丹，二是吃了能延年益寿的仙桃——蟠桃。神话传说中的嫦娥，就是偷吃了丈夫后羿弄来的西王母仙丹后飞上月宫的。此后，在一些志怪小说中，又把西王母说成是福寿之神。
The third day of the third month of the lunar calendar is also the day when the Queen Mother of the West holds a Peach Festival. Legend has it that the Queen Mother of the West was originally the patron saint of a primitive tribe in western China. She has two magic weapons: one is to eat the elixir that can lead to immortality, and the other is to eat the peach that can prolong life - the flat peach. In myths and legends, Chang'e stole the elixir of the Queen Mother of the West obtained by her husband Houyi, and flew up to the Moon Palace after secretly ate it. Since then, in some supernatural novels, the Queen Mother of the West is portrayed as the God of Good Fortune and Longevity.
真武帝寿诞
Birthday of Emperor Zhenwu
农历三月三日，也是道教真武大帝的寿诞。真武大帝全称“北镇天真武玄天大帝”，又称玄天上帝，玄武，真武真君。他生于上古轩辕之世，华历三月三日，是道教中主管军事与战争的正神。各地的道教宫观（如：湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山）在三月三日这一天都要举行盛大的，道教信徒们也会在这一天到宫观庙宇中烧香祈福，或在家里颂经祈祷。
The third day of the third lunar month is also the birthday of the Taoist Emperor Zhenwu. The full name of Emperor Zhenwu is "North Town Tianzhen Wu Xuantian the Great", also known as Xuantian God, Xuanwu, and Zhenwu Zhenjun. He was born in the age of Xuanyuan in ancient times, on the third day of the third month in the Chinese calendar, and he is the righteous god in charge of military and war in Taoism. Taoist temples in various places (such as Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Longhu Mountain in Jiangxi Province, Qiyun Mountain in Anhui Province and Qingcheng Mountain in Sichuan Province) will hold grand ritual on March 3rd, and Taoist believers will also go to the temples on this day to burn incense for good luck, or chant scriptures and pray for blessings at home.
古时上巳节
Ancient Shangsì Festival
“上巳(sì)”最早出现在汉初的文献。《周礼》郑玄注：“岁时祓除，如今三月上巳如水上之类”。据记载，春秋时期上巳节已在流行。上巳节是古代举行“祓除畔浴”活动中最重要的节日。
"Shangsì" first appeared in the literature of the early Han Dynasty. According to Zheng Xuan's annotation in the Rites of Zhou: "In warm spring, the scenery is clear and sunny, people come out of their homes and gather by the water's edge to hold ritual ceremonies, and bathe in the water to eliminate evil spirits.” According to records, the Shangsì Festival was already popular during the Spring and Autumn Period. The Shangsì Festival is the most important festival when “Bathing in Water to Eliminate Evil Spirits” activities was held in ancient times.
《论语》：“暮春者，春服既成，冠者五六人，童子六七人，浴乎沂，风乎舞雩，咏而归。”就是写的当时的情形。宋代以后，理学盛行，礼教渐趋森严，上巳节风俗在中国文化中渐渐衰微。
"The Analects of Confucius" states: " In late spring, put on spring clothes, invite five or six adults, with six or seven boys, bathing in Yi River, relaxing ourselves on the high slopes, dancing in the wind, and singing all the way back home." This is the situation at that time. After the Song Dynasty, Neo Confucianism prevailed and feudal code of ethics became stricter. The customs of Shangsì Festival gradually declined in Chinese culture.
另外，三月三上巳节与九月九重阳节相对应，正如汉刘歆《西京杂记》称：“三月上巳，九月重阳，使女游戏，就此祓禊登高。”一个在暮春，一个在暮秋，踏青和辞青也随之进入高潮。
In addition, the Shangsì Festival on March 3rd corresponds to the Double Ninth Festival on September 9th, just as Liu Xin of the Han Dynasty said in "Miscellany of the Western Capital": "Shangsì Festival in March, Double Ninth Festival in September, maids play games, and ascend a height to get rid of bad luck." One is in late spring, the other is in late autumn, and the spring outing and mountaineering drinking also reached a climax.
大诗人杜甫在《丽人行》中，以细致的笔触描写了古时上巳节的盛景。它的一个重要主题是“祈子”，也是祓禊的日子，“严格来说，并不一定要沐浴，一般老百姓们会到河边或者溪边洗脸、洗手，与水有个接触，以示洗去污秽，有祈福的含义”。
The great poet Du Fu described the magnificent scene of the Shangsì Festival in ancient times with delicate brushwork in "A Walk of Beauty". One of its important themes is "praying for having babies", which is also the day of Eliminating Evil. "Strictly speaking, it is not necessary to take a bath. Generally, people will go to the river or stream to wash their faces and hands, contact with the water to show that they have washed away the filth and bad luck, and prayed for blessings.
歌仙刘三姐
Singer Genius Liu Sanjie (Immortal Singer Liu Sanjie)
刘三姐从小爱唱山歌，成年以后长得宛如出水芙蓉一般，容貌绝伦。她的山歌遐尔闻名，故远近歌手经常聚集其村，争相与她对歌、学歌。
Liu Sanjie loved singing folk songs since childhood, and as she grew up, she looked like a lotus flower just emerging from the water, with an unparalleled appearance. Her folk songs are so famous that singers from far and near often gather in her village to compete with her and learn from her.
刘三姐常用山歌唱出穷人的心声和不平，故而触犯了土豪劣绅的利益。附近有个财主莫怀仁贪其美貌，欲占为妾，遭到她的拒绝和奚落，便怀恨在心。莫怀仁企图禁歌，又被刘三姐用山歌驳得理屈词穷，又请来三个秀才与刘三姐对歌，又被刘三姐等弄得丑态百出，大败而归。莫怀仁恼羞成怒，不惜耗费家财去勾结官府，咬牙切齿把刘三姐置于死地而后快。
Liu Sanjie often used folk songs to sang out the aspirations and grievances of the poor, thus offending the interests of local tyrants and evil gentry. There was a rich man nearby, Mo Huairen, who was greedy for Liu Sanjie’s beauty and wanted to take her as a concubine, but was rejected and ridiculed by her, so he held a grudge. Mo Huairen attempted to ban singing, but was refuted by Liu Sanjie with folk songs. He had a weak case and could not defend himself. So he invited three scholars to duel with Liu Sanjie, but was also made to show up as utterly ridiculous by Liu Sanjie and others, and returned home in a big defeat. Mo Huairen became furious with the embarrassment and did not hesitate to spend his family property to collude with the government. He gritted his teeth and determining to put Liu Sanjie to death.
为免遭毒手，三姐偕同哥哥在众乡亲的帮助下，趁天黑乘竹筏，顺流沿天河直下龙江后入柳江，辗转来到柳州，幸被搭救，生活在鱼峰山下。乡亲们闻讯，纷纷赶来学歌。
In order to avoid persecution, Liu Sanjie and her elder brother, with the help of all the villagers, took advantage of the darkness to ride a bamboo raft along the Tianhe River and straight down the Longjiang River, then entered the Liujiang River. After an arduous and dangerous journey, they finally came to Liuzhou. Fortunately, they were rescued and lived at the foot of Yufeng Mountain. Upon hearing the news, the villagers rushed to learn songs from Liu Sanjie.
后来，刘三姐与一青年猎人阿牛哥结为夫妇，就一直在这里传歌。莫怀仁得知后，又勾结官府，把刘三姐抛入鱼峰山下小龙潭。半夜，月明星稀，当乡亲们把她打捞上来时，忽然一阵清风，只见刘三姐骑在一条鱼背上，一边唱歌一边腾空而去。自此，人们都说刘三姐成仙去了，便把刘三姐称为歌仙。
Later on, Liu Sanjie married a young hunter named A Niuge and continue to spread songs here. After Mo Huairen learned about it, he colluded with the government and threw Liu Sanjie into Small Dragon Pool at the foot of Yufeng Mountain. In the middle of the night, the moon was bright and stars were few, the villagers finally found Liu Sanjie adn salvaged her out of the water, a sudden breeze blew, and Liu Sanjie was seen riding on the back of a fish, singing and flying away. Since then, people have said that Liu Sanjie has gone to become an immortal fairy, so they call her an Immortal Singer.
后世的人为了纪念这位歌仙，便在每年农历三月初三刘三姐“成仙”的日子，唱山歌三天三夜，歌圩就此形成。
In order to commemorate the Immortal Singer, the later generations would sing folk songs for three days and three nights on the third day of the third lunar month every year on the day when Liu Sanjie "became an immortal fairy", thus the Folk Song Fair was formed.
关于三月三的饮食习俗Diet Customs on March 3rd五色糯米饭
Five-color Glutinous Rice
每到“三月三”的前几天，家家户户都会制作五色糯米饭。人们采来红兰草、黄饭花、枫叶、紫蕃藤、栀子，用这些植物的汁来浸泡糯米，做成红、黄、黑、紫、白五色糯米饭。
Every few days before "March 3rd", every household will make five-color glutinous rice. People collect red orchids, yellow rice flowers, maple leaves, purple vines, and gardenias, and soak the juice of these plants in glutinous rice to make red, yellow, black, purple and white five-color glutinous rice.
相传，这种食品是深得仙女们的赞赏后流传下来的；也有人说这是为了祭祀歌仙刘三姐，吃了五色糯米饭能够人丁兴旺、身体健壮。
According to legend, this kind of food was handed down after being highly praised by the fairies; It is also said that this is to worship the Immortal Singer Liu Sanjie, and eating five-color glutinous rice can help people have a flourishing population and maintain good health.
艾叶粑
Moxa Leaf Glutinous Rice Cake
每逢“三月三”，大家在购买五色糯米饭时，会发现艾叶粑也很受欢迎。艾叶粑又称蒿子粑粑，是一道传统的汉族小吃，一般在清明节、寒食节食用。由于农历三月三与清明节靠近，艾叶糍粑也成了“三月三”必吃的美食。
Every "March 3rd", when purchasing five-color glutinous rice, you will find that moxa leaf glutinous rice cake is also very popular. Moxa Leaf Glutinous Rice Cake, also known as Artemisia Argyi Glutinous Rice Cake, is a traditional snack of the Han nationality, commonly eaten during the Qingming Festival and the Cold Food Festival. Due to the March 3rd of the lunar calendar is close to the Qingming Festival, moxa leaf glutinous rice cake has become a must-eat delicacy on March 3rd of the lunar calendar as well.
荠菜煮鸡蛋
Boiled Eggs with Shepherd's Purse
民谚曰：“三月三，荠菜当灵丹。”“三月三，荠菜煮鸡蛋。”春天正是采食荠菜的季节。春食荠菜也是我国民间由来已久的传统习俗。汉族在这日有吃地（荠）菜煮鸡蛋的习俗。
The folk proverb says: "On March 3rd, shepherd's purse is a panacea." "On March 3rd, shepherd's purse boils eggs." Spring is the season for picking and eating shepherd's purse. Eating shepherd's purse in spring is also a long-standing traditional folk custom among Chinese people. On this day, the Han nationality have the custom of eating boiled eggs with shepherd's purse.
因荠菜的谐音是“聚财”，故此，老百姓又根据民间传说，于三月初三这一天，在祭祖的时候，借助祖先的神灵和财气，人们会将新鲜荠菜洗净后捆扎成一小束，放入鸡蛋、红枣、风球，再配两三片生姜，煮上一大锅，全家都吃上一碗，食之既可交发财运，又可防治头痛头昏病，久而久之便形成一种民间特有的食疗习俗。据说可以去风湿、清火，腰腿不痛，而且还可预防春瘟。
Because the homophonic words of shepherd's purse is "gathering wealth", according to folklore, on the third day of the third lunar month, in the worship of ancestors, with the gods and wealth of their ancestors, people will wash fresh shepherd's purse and tie it into a small bunch, then put eggs, red dates, maple balls, and two or three slices of ginger, boil them in a large pot. The whole family eating a bowl of this delicacy can not only bring wealth, but also prevent headaches and dizziness. Over time, a unique folk dietary therapy custom has formed. It is said that it can relieve rheumatism, clear internal heat, and prevent pain in the waist and legs, as well as prevent spring plague.
关于三月三的风俗Customs of “March 3rd”歌圩迎宾客，千人竹竿舞。“三月三”是壮族最重大的民族节日。每到“三月三”，壮族男女会像赶圩一样会聚山坡上对唱山歌，开展抢花炮、打铜鼓、抛绣球等一系列具有民族特色的文体活动。抢“花炮” 展民族魅力， “行歌坐妹”写浪漫。
A Folk Song Fair is held to welcome the guests, and thousands of people dance with bamboo poles. "March 3rd" is the most important ethnic festival of the Zhuang nationality. On "March 3rd", men and women of the Zhuang nationality will gather on the hillside to sing folk songs, and carry out a series of cultural and sports activities with ethnic characteristics, such as grabbing firecrackers, beating bronze drums, and throwing embroidered balls. Grabbing firecrackers showcases the ethnic charm, singing and conveying love expresses romance.
对歌传情
Singing Folk Songs and Expressing Love
据记载，壮族“三月三”歌圩节已有上千年历史。宋人著的《太平寰宇记》中，已有壮族“男女盛服……聚会作歌”的记载。宋元以后，壮族山歌的发展较快，歌会十分盛行。到了清代，形成了数百人以至数千人聚唱的大规模“歌圩”。
According to records, the Zhuang people’s "March 3rd" Song Fair Festival has a history of thousands of years. In the "Records of the Taiping Universe" written by the Song Dynasty people, there is already a record of the Zhuang ethnic group’s "men and women dressed in their best ethnic costumes...gathering to sing folk songs". After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, folk songs of the Zhuang nationality developed rapidly and the Folk Song Fairs became very popular. In the Qing Dynasty, a large-scale "Folk Song Fair" was formed where hundreds or even thousands of people gathered to sing.
“三月三”期间，壮族青年男女都穿上节日的盛装，云集在山头旷野或竹林草坡上，用竹子和布匹搭成歌棚，即兴对唱、相互盘答，歌声此起彼伏，一般每次持续两三天。
During the "March 3rd" period, young men and women of the Zhuang ethnic group dress up in their festive costumes and gather in the mountain wilderness or on the grassy slopes of the bamboo forests. They build a singing booth with bamboo and cloth, improvise antiphonal singing, answer each other's questions. The singing goes on and on, usually lasting for two to three days at a time.
抢花炮
Grabbing Firecrackers
在农历三月初三和秋收之后，广西一些少数民族地区会自发组织抢花炮运动。男女老少都会穿上节日盛装，天刚亮就争先恐后地奔向活动场所，抢得花炮的人被认为来年最有福气，也最受姑娘青睐。
After the "March 3rd" and the autumn harvest, some ethnic minority areas in Guangxi Province will spontaneously organize a firecrackers grabbing competition. Men, women and children will all wear festive costumes and rush to the activity venue at dawn. Those who grab the firecrackers are considered the most blessed in the coming year and the most favored by girls.
抢花炮流行在壮族、侗族、仫佬族等少数民族地区中，既是一项公平竞技的体育活动，也是群众喜闻乐见的民俗活动，寄托了村民祈求幸福安康的朴素心愿，其热闹程度更胜春节。
Firecrackers grabbing is popular in ethnic minority areas such as the Zhuang, Dong and Mulao ethnic groups. It is not only a fair and competitive sports activity, but also a popular folk activity among the masses, expressing the wish of villagers to pray for happiness and health. Its liveliness is even greater than the Spring Festival.
打铜鼓
Beating Bronze Drums
铜鼓是壮族等南方少数民族非常重要的乐器，“三月三”歌圩中自然也少不了铜鼓的登场。在壮族等南方少数民族的传统文化中，铜鼓不仅仅是一种乐器，而且是权力和身份的象征，有“得鼓二三，便可称王”的说法。此外，铜鼓也曾作为传递战争信号、陪葬和祭祖驱邪的器物使用。
The bronze drum is a very important musical instrument of the Zhuang and other southern ethnic minorities, and the appearance of the bronze drum is naturally indispensable in the "March 3rd" Folk Song Fair. In the traditional culture of the Zhuang and other southern ethnic minorities, the bronze drum is not only a musical instrument, but also a symbol of power and status. There is a saying that "if you have two or three drums, you can be king". In addition, bronze drums have also been used as signals of conveying war, funeral objects, and implements offering sacrifices to ancestors to ward off evil spirits..
绣球传情
Throwing Embroidered Balls
歌圩的绣球是姑娘在节前赶制的工艺品，制作工艺都很精巧，个个都是丝织工艺品：十二花瓣联结成一个圆球形，每一片花瓣代表着一年中的某个月份，上面绣有当月的花卉。有些绣球做成方形、多角形等。绣球内装豆粟或棉籽。球上连着一条绸带，下坠丝穗和装饰的珠子，象征着纯洁的爱情。
The embroidered balls at the Folk Song Fair are handicrafts made by the girls before the festival. The craftsmanship is very exquisite, and all of them are silk woven handicrafts: twelve petals are connected into a around ball shape, and each petal represents a certain month of the year, embroidered with the flowers of that month. Some embroidered balls are made into squares, polygons, etc. Embroidered balls are filled with bean millet or cottonseeds. The ball is attached to a silk ribbon, with silk tassels and decorative beads hanging from it, symbolizing pure love.
碰彩蛋
Crashing Colored Eggs
彩蛋是把熟鸡蛋染成彩色，在歌圩中男女青年用来传情之物。
Colored eggs are boiled eggs dyed in colors and used by young men and women to convey love at Folk Song Fairs.
壮族小伙在歌圩中手握彩蛋去碰姑娘手中的彩蛋，如果姑娘对小伙无意，就把蛋握住不让碰；若有意就让小伙子碰。蛋碰裂后，两人共吃彩蛋，这就播下了爱情的种子。
At the Folk Song Fair, Zhuang young men hold colored eggs in their hands to touch the eggs in the girl’s hand. If the girl has no intentions of the boy, she will hold the egg and not let the young man touch it; if she wants that boy, she will let him touch it. After the eggs are cracked, the two of them eat the colored eggs together, which sows the seeds of love.
打扁担
Shoulder Pole Beating
打扁担是壮族人民一项传统娱乐活动，女子的动作轻巧优美，男子的动作刚劲有力，寄托着壮族人民祈望丰收的愿望。
Shoulder pole beating is a traditional recreational activity of the Zhuang people. Women's movements are light and graceful, while men's movements are vigorous and powerful, which express the Zhuang people's desire for a bumper harvest.
杀猪祭神
Sacrifice Pigs to Worship Gods
于节日杀猪祭社神、山神，吃黄糯米饭，各寨三四天内不相往来。瑶族以三三为“千巴节”，是集体渔猎的节日，并将捕获的野物鱼类按户分配，共享收获的欢乐，后云集于广场，唱歌跳舞,欢度佳节。
During the festival, pigs are slaughtered to sacrifice to the land gods and mountain gods, and people eat yellow glutinous rice. The villages do not communicate with each other for three or four days. The Yao ethnic group regards the "March 3rd" as the "Qianba Festival", which is a festival for collective fishing and hunting, and distributes the captured wild animals and fish according to households to share the joy of harvest. Afterwards, they gather in the square, sing and dance to celebrate the festival.
壮族世居祖国岭南，历史悠久，文化丰厚。除了歌圩文化外，勤劳智慧、质朴坚韧、忠诚勇敢、重礼尚德、开放包容的壮族人，创造了以稻作文化为基础的花山文化、铜鼓文化、大石铲文化、纺织文化、干栏文化等许多闪烁着人类智慧之光的文化成就，不仅推进了中华民族的融合发展，也为世界文化作出了重要的贡献。
The Zhuang ethnic group reside in the south of the Five Ridges of China for generations, with a long history and rich culture. In addition to the Folk Song Fair Culture, the Zhuang people, who are industrious and intelligent, and tenacious, loyal and brave, valuing etiquette and honoring morality, open and inclusive, have created many cultural achievements based on rice farming culture, like Huashan culture, bronze drum culture, big stone shovel culture, textile culture and Ganlan culture, and many other cultural achievements that shine with the light of human wisdom. It has not only promoted the integration and development of the Chinese nation, but also made important contributions to world culture.
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